Leo Berlips, editor Szondi Forum. Content provided through the leopoldszondiforum.org who holds all rights. Thanks,
Here follows some information about the vector Paroxysmal as formulated by Lekeuche taken from chapter VII, the "Affect Circuit" in the "Dialectic of Instincts." (Drive dialectics). More details about this book follow. Philip Lekeuche: Szondi uses different terms to explain the activity of the 'Paroxysmal' vector. Sometimes he speaks about the "Affect vector", but he also uses the expressions the "Paroxysmal drive (vector), The "Drive to surprise" (Überraschungsdrift) or refers to the "Vector of Ethics and Moral". Psychopathological Szondi uses two [key psychiatric] entities to explain the working of this vector: "Epilepsy" and "Hysteria," Which both have in common that their illness is expressed in a "paroxysmal" way. The meaning of the Greek word "paroxuno" includes: "To encourage," to cause "" to become angry "and in the passive form:" To aggravates, to become more violent, "to get an inflammatory aspect. Medical science evokes the notion of paroxysm to indicate the highest point of morbid processes. When Szondi speaks about the "Drive to Surprise" Because he does so he believes to be able to confirm that the drive goal of the [P] drive is to surprise the enemy in order to paralyze him and make him harmless. (In modern times we have technically the special "surprise bombs" of the police force!). Szondi P CONSIDERS the drive to be an archaic mechanism to protect the individual against hazards intern and extern. According to him every living organism uses a behavioral pattern Which outmost goal is to surprise the enemy in order to paralyze him and make him harmless. The two factors (e) and (hy) of the P Thus drive are at the origin of a sequence of movements used as protection mechanisms against outside threat. As such in (e) the person faints in order to avoid to be killed by the enemy. In (hy) agitate the individual with theatrical movements. When Szondi refers to the vector Paroxysmal as the "Affect Vector" he does so in connection with the fact that he considers the energy source of the surprise drive to be the affects. Szondi writes that the surprise is nourished drive ( "loaded") by the raw, brutal (e) and tender emotions (hy) which accumulate in this vector in order to discharge suddenly in an explosive manner in the form of movements or other emotional expressions . Szondi Differentiates them according to four vector reactions. The epileptic form (e) accumulates the raw emotions and discharge them in the form of a crisis (e-). But the same factor conditions likewise the social aspect of positive (+ e), the inclination to be patient, to be just, to have pity, to benevolence. One finds the (e-) often in psychosomatic states where rabies is directed against the own body (self poisoning by rage): Stuttering, skin diseases, ulcers, hypertension, intestinal colitis, brain attack, infarct. The (hy) assembled factor affects [and strivings] of a finer nature. The reaction (hy -) puts up moral barriers in the form of shyness, bashfulness. In its positive form (+ hy) is characterized by the need for recognition, and show of ambition. But on the pathological level (hy-) can also mean: immobilization, protection against the terrible sexual and existentialistic hazards, while (hy +) pushes to sexual exhibition, trembling jerks (war neurosis, traumatic neurosis), tics, motoric agitation and hysterical crisis Based on the need to be loved. Already Freud pointed out that man's emotional activity is made up of "contrasting pairs" (eg love-hate). He writes (in Ratman) "If it was otherwise there might probably be no repression and no neurosis" - and mentions that "the emotional conflicts are welded together in pairs. It is always possible that a kind of turnover into the contrary is produced. Hate (e-) is reversed into guilt (e +). Love is reversed into hate. Even the original Greek word for epilepsy "epilambo" includes in itself an antagonistic tendency. At one side it means "to attack and surprise the enemy" and at the other side "to retain and inhibit all hostile action" This antagonism corresponds to the double sense and contradiction that characterize the essence of the factor (e). In the Pathoanalytical working through of the Szondi Test, the vector Paroxysmal follows after the Interpretation of the Sexual Vector. Lekeuche points out that the characteristic for the Sexual [S] vector is the individual's relationship with his own body and with the body of his partner (totally or partially). As much as that is the instrument of the pleasure, it may be accepted or denied, it is another word in a sexual object. The world of the Sexual vector presupposes kind of dual functioning between objects: "I am a sexual object for the other and myself and the others an object for myself and to themselves." What is important here is to enjoy oneself without any restrictions. In this vector S the first is intended to satisfy the pleasure imperative. In contrast to this in the P vector a new step forward is made in the history of development. The individual is confronted (Summoned) by the Necessity to Renounce. He is forced to consider the elementary truth that Those who put their body and soul totally in the service of pleasure finish making their live impossible. The sexual drives are unbearable, never satisfied, they never stop to claim satisfaction On and on, they never have enough. In this way the task of the individual becomes Thus at a certain time limit to their claims, if not he will be taken away by his sexual drives like a feather in a stream. Thus the problem which with the individual is confronted at the stage of the P vector is the following: "How to limit, regulate, and order his sexual drive". He has to learn how to accept a satisfaction that is at the same time limited and codified. In other words he has to submit the sexual claims to Those of the Law, that from its side Renounce a claim of unlimited pleasure and anarchistic. In other words the individual has to comply to the necessities of social and family life . Szondi's Geniality has given us the key elements that permits us to define the Affect-vector and to understand the essence of what happens there. Finish Lekeuche's citation of text. In connection with this quotation I have to give herewith revieuws about Lekeuche's and Mélon's book: Dialectic of drives. It is probably the best introduction to French Szondi's drive theory. I hope that someday this book will be translated into Français. Herewith follows an Français translation of this review about it. The original text in French follows together with a bibliography. From //Leo Berlips, editor Szondi Forum. Thank you for your Transmission of this content. ================================================= Dialectic of drives, 3rd edition by Jean Philippe Lekeuche and Melon Edition De Boeck Wesmael-sa, 1990 203 Avenue Louise - 1050 Brussels. Belgium At present this work can be Considered to be the best introduction to the French Drive Theory of Leopold Szondi and the experimental diagnosis of drives, the famous Szonditest. It contributes to a new way of interpreting the Szondi theory as it is applied since more than twenty years by the Louvain School, around Jacques Schotte. The Szondi Drive scheme is shown to be able to analyze essential Psychopathological phenomena and concepts, mainly Freudian, which cover the working out of a theoretical system at the cross roads of different fields of knowledge about men (psychology, psychiatry, phenomenology, etc. .... ) seen from a general clinical anthropological Perspectra. This book Contributes Equally with a large part to the Renewing of necessary concepts. In the first place as for the nosographic registers, partly unknown by psychoanalysts, for example concerning the disorders of contact which include notably the thymopathies, psychopathy and drug addiction. Finally it re-opens again, seen from a new angle the question of the test 's validity and the Szondi Drive scheme. Jean Mélon Doctors degree in Medicine and Psychology. Psychiatrist with private practice. Psychoanalyst, member of the Belgium Psychoanalytical Society since 1976. Alhough in the first place practicing psychoanalysis, he uses the Szondi test theory and have the best theoretical auxiliaries as for clinical research. Philip Lekeuche Doctor in Psychology. From 1979 till 1988, and later an assistant researcher at the Catholic University of Leuven. He is actually often invited as Guest Speaker and organizer teaching Szondi theory. Since 1984 he works with research related with the theory and treatment of drug addicts within the frame of Solbosch hospital in Brussels. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The important neologism "Pathoanalysis" refers to the psychoanalytical horizon as central reference, but not totally, it insists on he relevance of the generalization of the famous Freudian principle called the "broken crystal", according to which the entity-forms of the nosography are Disclosing the structure of subjects, and even - expressed in another language to point out the definitive categories of "human condition". From this perspective the Library of Pathoanalysis has the intention to congruent unites the works of different sciences to register each one within the frame of such a general clinical anthropology. ================================================== Dialectic of drives, 3rd edition by Jean Philippe Lekeuche and Melon Edition De Boeck Wesmael-sa, 1990 203 Avenue Louise - 1050 Brussels. Belgium This book is so far the best introduction to the French theory of instinctual Leopold Szondi and the diagnosis of experimental instincts, the famous test of Szondi. It helps to reread the theory szondienne as performed by the School of Leuven, around Jacques Schotte, for twenty years. The instinctual szondien pattern appears as an analyzer of psychopathological phenomena and concepts, Freud essentially covering to elaborate theorizing at the intersection of different fields of human knowledge (psychology, psychiatry, phenomenology, etc.. ..) in the context of a general clinical anthropology. This book is also a large part in the renewal of concepts needed for the first record nosographic partially ignored by psychoanalysts such as, for example, the problems of contact which includes the thymopathies, psychopaths, and addiction. He finally reopens , a new angle, the question of the validity of the test and the pattern of instinctual Szondi. ----------------------------------------- Jean Mélon Doctor of Medicine and Psychology. Psychiatrist in private practice. Psychoanalyst, member of the Belgian Society of Psychoanalysis in 1976. Practitioner of psychoanalysis, above all, he helps himself to the theory and Szondi test as soon as his research assistants théoricoclinique. Since 1985 he teaches clinical psychology at the University of Liege. ------------------------------------------- Philippe Lekeuche Doctor of Psychology. From 1979 to 1988, researcher and lecturer at the Catholic University of Louvain. There is currently a Senior Lecturer invited holder szondien education. Since 1984 he conducts research on theory and substance abuse treatment under the Solbosch in Brussels. ---------------------------------------- The meaning of neologisms "Pathoanalysis" refers to the horizon of psychoanalysis as a central reference, but not unique. i1 stresses the relevance of the generalization of the famous Freudian principle-called "broken glass" that the entities of the platforms nosography reveal the structure of matter, or in another language, definitional categories of the human condition. In this perspective, the Library Pathoanalysis proposes to collect works within the various sciences, but falling in each part of such a general clinical anthropology. ================================================== =======
Szondi uses different terms to explain the activity of this vector, [P]. Sometimes he speaks about the "Affect vector", but he also uses the expressions the "Paroxysmal drive (vector) The "Drive to surprise" (Überraschungsdrift) or refers to the "Vector of Ethics and Moral" Psychopathological Szondi uses two entities to explain the working of this vector: "Epilepsy" and "Hysteria," Which both have in common that their illness is expressed in a "paroxysmal" The meaning of the Greek word "paroxuno" includes: "To encourage," to cause "" to become angry "and in the passive form:" To aggravates, to become more violent, "to get an inflammatory aspect.
Medical science evokes the notion of paroxysm to indicate the highest point of morbid processes. When Szondi speaks about the "Drive to Surprise" Because he does so he believes to be able to confirm that the drive goal of the P drive is to surprise the enemy in order to paralyze him and make him harmless. (In modern times we have technically the special "surprise bombs" of the police force!). Szondi P CONSIDERS the drive to be an archaic mechanism to protect the individual against hazards intern and extern. According to him every living organism uses a behavioral pattern Which outmost goal is to surprise the enemy in order to paralyze him and make him harmless. The two factors (e) and (hy) of the P Thus drive are at the origin of a sequence of movements used as protection mechanisms against outside threat. As such in (e) the person faints in order to avoid to be killed by the enemy. In (hy) agitate the individual with theatrical movements. When Szondi refers to the vector P as the "Affect Vector" he does so in connection with the fact that he considers the energy source of the surprise drive to be the affects. Szondi writes that the surprise is nourished drive ( "loaded") by the raw, brutal (e) and tender emotions (hy) which accumulate in this vector in order to discharge suddenly in an explosive manner in the form of movements or other emotional expressions . Szondi Differentiates them according to four vector reactions. The epileptic form (e) accumulates the raw emotions and discharge them in the form of a crisis (e-). But the same factor conditions likewise the social aspect of positive (+ e), the inclination to be patient, to be just, to have pity, to benevolence. One finds the (e-) often in psychosomatic states where rabies is directed against the own body (self poisoning by rage): Stuttering, skin diseases, ulcers, hypertension, intestinal colitis, brain attack, infarct. The (hy) assembled factor affects of a finer nature. The reaction (hy -) puts up moral barriers in the form of shyness, bashfulness. In its positive form (+ hy) is characterized by the need for recognition, and show of ambition. But on the pathological level (hy-) can also mean: immobilization, protection against the terrible sexual and existentialistic hazards, while (hy +) pushes to sexual exhibition, trembling jerks (war neurosis, traumatic neurosis), tics, motoric agitation and hysterical crisis Based on the need to be loved. Already Freud pointed out that man's emotional activity is made up of "contrasting pairs" (eg love-hate). He writes (in Ratman) "If it was otherwise there might probably be no repression and no neurosis" - and mentions that "the emotional conflicts are welded together in pairs. It is always possible that a kind of turnover into the contrary is produced. Hate (e-) is reversed into guilt (e +). Love is reversed into hate. Even the original Greek word for epilepsy "epilambo" includes in itself an antagonistic tendency. At one side it means "to attack and surprise the enemy" and at the other side "to retain and inhibit all hostile action" This antagonism corresponds to the double sense and contradiction that characterize the essence of the factor (e). In the Pathoanalytical working through of the Szondi Test, the vector Paroxysmal follows after the Interpretation of the Sexual Vector. Lekeuche points out that the characteristic for the S vector is the individual's relationship with his own body and with the body of his partner (totally or partially). As much as that is the instrument of the pleasure, it may be accepted or denied, it is another word in a sexual object. The world of the Sexual vector presupposes kind of dual functioning between objects: "I am a sexual object for the other and myself and the others an object for myself and to themselves." What is important here is to enjoy oneself without any restrictions. In this vector S the first is intended to satisfy the pleasure imperative. In contrast to this in the P vector a new step forward is made in the history of development. The individual is confronted (Summoned) by the Necessity to Renounce. He is forced to consider the elementary truth that Those who put their body and soul totally in the service of pleasure finish making their live impossible. The sexual drives are unbearable, never satisfied, they never stop to claim satisfaction On and on, they never have enough. In this way the task of the individual becomes Thus at a certain time limit to their claims, if not he will be taken away by his sexual drives like a feather in a stream. Thus the problem which with the individual is confronted at the stage of the P vector is the following: "How to limit, regulate, and order his sexual drive". He has to learn how to accept a satisfaction that is at the same time limited and codified. In other words he has to submit the sexual claims to Those of the Law, that from its side Renounce a claim of unlimited pleasure and anarchistic. In other words the individual has to comply to the necessities of social and family life . Szondi's Geniality has given us the key elements that permits us to define the Affect-vector and to understand the essence of what happens there. Finish Lekeuche's citation of text. In connection with this quotation I have to give herewith revieuws about Lekeuche's and Mélon's book: Dialectic of drives. It is probably the best introduction to French Szondi's drive theory. I hope that someday this book will be translated into Français. Herewith follows an Français translation of this review about it. The original text in French follows together with a bibliography. |
Bibliography
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Labels: Affect, Control, Paroxysmal
